Opioid-induced respiratory depression (OIRD) is due to mu-opioid receptor (MOR) activation and can cause fatality in overdose. Stimulation of brainstem serotonergic raphe neurons and 5HT2A/C receptors has been shown to stimulate breathing and may serve as a MOR-independent target for treating OIRD. Despite this, the actions of opioids on raphe serotonin neurons and their inputs … Read more
Document Type: Journal Article
IMPORTANCE: After the Medicaid continuous enrollment provision ended on March 31, 2023, millions of Medicaid patients were disenrolled, a process called “Medicaid unwinding.” Whether this process was associated with changes in dispensing of buprenorphine, a medication for opioid use disorder preventing opioid overdose deaths, is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate changes in buprenorphine dispensing during Medicaid … Read more
The opioid epidemic has been a defining crisis in American health care. Many attempts to address the epidemic have focused on issues around opioid prescribing. Legislation at the state and federal levels has been passed; however, the results from these policies have been mixed. Changes to prescription workflows alongside patient and provider education have also … Read more
Medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) after emergency department (ED) visits for overdose can reduce subsequent overdose deaths, but disparities in receiving MOUD persist in the US. Using national Medicaid claims data from the period 2016-20, we examined racial and ethnic disparities in MOUD initiation after ED visits for opioid overdose. Overall, 6.4 percent of Medicaid … Read more
After nine months in the aqueous uterine environment, a newborn s first breath of air is a major transition for the respiratory system. Initially, breathing is slow with periodic apneas. Many factors contribute to slow breathing at birth, including immature ventilatory reflexes and developing neuromodulatory systems. Administration of the non-selective opioid receptor antagonist naloxone increases … Read more
INTRODUCTION: Acute pain is commonly experienced by millions of patients who undergo outpatient surgical procedures. Moreover, an increasing number of procedures are performed on an outpatient basis, requiring greater postoperative planning to ensure effective pain management. Analgesic approaches commonly involve prescription opioids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), but an optimal regimen that balances pain and … Read more