Document Type: Journal Article

(Abstracted from Birth 2024;51:541 558) Management of postpartum pain including the use of opioids varies significantly in practice. In Europe, postpartum opioid prescribing is rare; however, in the United States, at least one opioid is prescribed to an estimated 30% of people after vaginal birth and 75% after cesarean delivery (CD).

BACKGROUND: Women of childbearing age (aged 18-44 years) face multiple barriers to receiving screening and treatment for unhealthy alcohol and substance use, depression, and anxiety, including lack of screening in the primary care setting and lack of support in accessing care. The Women Empowered to Connect with Addiction Resources and Engage in Evidence-based Treatment (WE-CARE) … Read more

Despite a decline in opioid prescriptions over the past decade, patients commonly receive opioid analgesics as a treatment for postoperative pain in the USA. One complication that patients may experience after surgery is persistent postoperative opioid use (PPOU), or opioid use beyond the typical recovery period. Often defined as beyond 3 months postsurgery, PPOU is … Read more

BACKGROUND: Parental substance use can increase the risk of child maltreatment. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess racial bias in newborn drug testing and to investigate the association between prenatal tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) exposure and subsequent child maltreatment. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING: This retrospective cohort study (n = 35,437) linked University of Michigan Hospital birth data … Read more

BACKGROUND: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with behavioral health challenges and high school dropout, and behavioral health is associated with high school dropout. Less is known about the role of behavioral health challenges in the relationship between ACEs and high school dropout. METHODS: Using data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (2013) and … Read more

IMPORTANCE: Patients prescribed long-term opioid therapy for chronic pain often experience unrelieved pain, poor quality of life, and serious adverse events. OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of integrated pain team (IPT) vs pharmacist collaborative management (PCM) on pain and opioid dosage. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This study was a pragmatic multisite 12-month randomized comparative effectiveness … Read more